KR: 10-K Risk Factor Changes

​ More than two-thirds of our associates are covered by collective bargaining agreements with unions, and our relationship with those unions, including any work stoppage affecting a substantial number of locations, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. We are a party to approximately 350 collective bargaining agreements. Upon the expiration of our collective bargaining agreements, work stoppages by the affected workers could occur (and have occurred in the past) if we are unable to negotiate new contracts with the applicable labor union. In addition, changes to national labor policy could affect relations with our associates and with unions. Further, if we are unable to control health care, pension and wage costs, or if we have insufficient operational flexibility under our collective bargaining agreements, we may experience increased operating costs and an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. ​ We have committed to paying fair wages and providing the benefits that were collectively bargained with the United Food and Commercial Workers (“UFCW”) and other labor unions representing our associates. Our ability to control labor and benefit costs is subject to numerous internal and external factors, including regulatory changes, wage rates, and healthcare and other insurance costs. Changes to wage regulations, including further increases in the minimum wage or ordinances related to pay or working conditions enacted by local governments, could have an effect on our future financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Our ability to meet our labor needs, while controlling wages and other costs, is subject to numerous external factors, including the available qualified workforce in each area where we are located, unemployment levels within those areas, wage rates, and changes in employment and labor laws. ​ Our continued success depends on the ongoing contributions of our associates, including members of our senior management, key associates and executives. While we have development and succession plans in place for our key associates and executives, these plans do not guarantee that the services of our key associates and executives will continue to be available to us or the successful transition of responsibilities following departures or role changes. It may be difficult to replace key executives because of the limited number of qualified individuals with the breadth of skills and experience necessary for our business. We must recruit, hire, develop and retain qualified associates with an increasingly large range of skills to meet the needs of our evolving and complex business. We compete with other retail and non-retail businesses for these associates and invest significant resources in training and motivating them. Competition among potential employers has resulted, and may in the future result, in increased associate costs and has from time to time affected our ability to recruit and retain associates. If we are unable to attract, develop, retain and effectively manage the development and succession plans for our associates, including members of our senior management, key associates and executives, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. ​